Aperiodic
DataFactors
Catalog
Pricing
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Crypto microstructure, liquidity & flow metrics

Built from hundreds of terabytes of raw data, distilled into point-in-time metrics you can pull as parquet files.
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terminal
# Install the CLI
curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aperiodic-io/cli/main/install.sh | bash

# Fetch the preview slice as Parquet into ./data — no API key needed
aperiodic flow --preview \
  --exchange binance-futures \
  --symbol perpetual-BTC-USDT:USDT \
  --interval 5m \
  --timestamp exchange \
  --start-date 2025-05-01 \
  --end-date 2025-05-31 \
  --output-dir ./data
terminal
# Install the CLI
curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aperiodic-io/cli/main/install.sh | bash

# Fetch the preview slice as Parquet into ./data — no API key needed
aperiodic flow --preview \
  --exchange binance-futures \
  --symbol perpetual-BTC-USDT:USDT \
  --interval 5m \
  --timestamp exchange \
  --start-date 2025-05-01 \
  --end-date 2025-05-31 \
  --output-dir ./data
#timetaker_buy_volumetaker_sell_volumetaker_buy_count
12024-01-01 00:00:004687.976074218753771.500976562546500
22024-01-01 01:00:004783.8378906254259.573242187549386
32024-01-01 02:00:002141.2590332031252511.8081054687524485
111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

What will you use it for?

Improve your backtest

Stop backtesting fantasy fills. Price in slippage, impact and funding with point-in-time metrics.

2 notebooks

Find new alpha

From raw order flow to a ranked, backtestable signal — every step in runnable code.

3 notebooks

Execute smarter

Know when liquidity is deep, when spreads are wide, and when flow turns toxic.

2 notebooks

How It Works

Raw Data

Binance
OKX
Hyperliquid
+ more
Aperiodic
Microstructure Data Infrastructure
Aperiodic
01ValidateQA & Deduplication02AggregateCross-Exchange Merge03TimestampLocal + Exchange Times04NormalizePoint-in-Time Output
Point-in-Time · Immutable · 99.9% Uptime

Aggregates

Trades / Order Flow
Trades / Order Flow
Flow Toxicity·Taker Volume·Size Distribution
L1 (Top of Book)
L1 (Top of Book)
Spreads (bps)·Imbalance·Depth at Best
L2 (Depth)
L2 (Depth)
Multi-Level Profiles·Book Imbalance·Liquidity
Derivatives
Derivatives
Funding Rates·Open Interest·Basis Spreads
Market
Market
OHLCV·TrueOHLCV·High-Freq Volatility

Raw Data

Binance
OKX
Hyperliquid
+ more
Aperiodic
Microstructure Data Infrastructure

Aggregates

Trades / Order Flow
Flow Toxicity·Taker Volume·Size Distribution
L1 (Top of Book)
Spreads (bps)·Imbalance·Depth at Best
L2 (Depth)
Multi-Level Profiles·Book Imbalance·Liquidity
Derivatives
Funding Rates·Open Interest·Basis Spreads
Market
OHLCV·TrueOHLCV·High-Freq Volatility

Beyond Price & Volume

Jan 31, 2026 snapshotRepresentative sample · not real-time
Market & DerivativesMicrostructure & Executionquant-grade
TokenPrice24hVolume 24hOpen InterestFundingSpread (bps)Book ImbalanceBuy/Sell FlowFlow ToxicityRealized Vol (ann.)Kyle λSlippage (bps)200+ more →
1BTC
$78,695.20-6.54%$21.7B$7.4B-0.0033%0.013+0.450.860.00248.8%2.1e-60.60···
2ETH
$2,450.39-9.44%$23.9B$4.9B-0.0164%0.041+0.810.900.00691.4%2.4e-71.3···
3SOL
$105.44-0.26%$2.1B$999.1M-0.0692%0.95+0.020.860.0075.4%1.0e-71.0···
4XRP
$1.65-1.89%$651.0M$414.3M-0.0149%0.61+0.020.920.0046.5%1.1e-90.63···
5BNB
$781.23-9.05%$995.5M$405.8M0.0000%0.13+0.380.890.00128.9%3.4e-70.55···
6DOGE
$0.1042-10.02%$1.1B$175.2M-0.0260%0.96-0.040.870.00282.3%1.8e-100.77···
7AVAX
$10.11-6.97%$328.8M$80.9M-0.0277%0.99-0.060.970.00239.0%3.4e-80.61···
8LINK
$9.98-7.43%$355.2M$79.9M+0.0025%1.0+0.030.940.00185.8%5.5e-80.66···
9ADA
$0.2934-8.48%$478.6M$82.2M-0.0260%3.4+0.040.940.00289.1%1.8e-90.52···
10HYPE
$31.01+1.27%$944.7M$169.5M+0.0050%0.32+0.510.960.00175.4%1.9e-81.4···
12 of 200+ metrics — all queryable live via the API
Explore the catalogAccess these metrics in real time →

Why Aperiodic

Timestamps

Local Timestamped

Metrics with both exchange & local timestamps.

Coverage

Full Coverage

10+ exchanges (soon) — every instrument. No survivorship bias.

History

5+ years history

Immutable data, no periodic re-calculations.

Access

Your Crypto Data Lake

Parquet files, no rate limits. Download in 2 commands.

Catalog

111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

Slippage

Tier 2

How much each trade pays above the best ask (buys) or receives below the best bid (sells) relative to the prevailing quote, aggregated per interval.

Key fields

Mean Slippage (bps)Slippage Std Dev (bps)Slippage P95 (bps)VWAP Slippage (bps)
111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

L2 Order Book Imbalance

Tier 3

Multi-depth (5, 10, 20, 25 levels) order book imbalance, ratio, and averages.

Key fields

Imbalance (5 levels)Imbalance (20 levels)Imbalance (25 levels)Imbalance Ratio (5 levels)
111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

L1 Price

Tier 2

Best bid and ask prices with quantities, midprice, quantity-weighted midprice, time/volume-weighted averages, and quote update frequency.

Key fields

Mid PriceWeighted Mid PriceBid Price TWAPAsk Price VWAP
111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

Trade Run Structure

Tier 2

Consecutive same-direction trade run lengths, imbalance, flip rate, and price change on direction flip.

Key fields

Max Buy Run LengthMax Sell Run LengthRun ImbalanceFlip Rate
111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

Impact Metrics

Tier 2

How much each unit of trading volume moves the price, measured via Amihud illiquidity, Kyle lambda, impact per notional, and large-trade reversal.

Key fields

Amihud IlliquidityKyle LambdaImpact per NotionalLarge Trade Reversal
111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

Flow Metrics

Tier 1

Directional order flow split by taker buy vs. sell, broken into small/medium/large notional segments, with a flow toxicity score.

Key fields

Volume DeltaFlow Toxicity ScoreBuy/Sell RatioBuy Large Order Volume
111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

VWAP / TWAP

Tier 0

Volume-weighted and time-weighted average prices for precise execution benchmarks.

Key fields

VWAPTWAP
111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .
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Use Cases

Order Flow

Order flow alpha signals

Build directional signals from taker buy/sell imbalance, volume delta, and flow toxicity scores across multiple horizons.

Market Data

Systematic strategy backtesting

Build and validate momentum, mean-reversion, and carry strategies on reliable price history without data leakage.

Derivatives

Funding rate regime analysis

Detect crowded positioning and carry opportunities by monitoring funding rate levels and predicted-vs-realized spread dynamics.

Order Book

Deep liquidity analysis

Measure aggregate bid and ask depth at multiple levels to understand resilience and liquidity beyond the top-of-book.

Top of Book

Spread-based execution cost modelling

Use average and instantaneous spread metrics to quantify market-making costs and estimate fill quality across instruments.

Order Flow

Market impact modelling

Estimate Amihud illiquidity, Kyle lambda, and impact-per-notional for realistic transaction cost models in backtests.

Order Book

Order book imbalance signals

Build predictive features from multi-level imbalance ratios that capture directional pressure more robustly than L1 alone.

Top of Book

High-frequency strategy feature engineering

Use weighted mid-price, imbalance averages, and depth to build predictive features for HFT and MM strategies.

111111111111 _111000_ 100_ _0011_ 11 _0011_ 0 011 _011 _0 0011_ _00 _ _000011 00000111111 ____0000000 ..+ .+cb+. .+ac+ c. .ac. .ac. +b +abc+. bcc++. +aabbbcccc+ ...........111111111110 __111000_ 00_ _0011_ 1 0011_ _0 11_ 001_ 00 _0011 000 _ __000011 0000111111_ 00000000000 ..+ccb +ca+. .+ +ac+ . . .+b+ +b+ +b .+abc+. bc++. aabbccc++++ 000000000000 111000_ _1 0_ _0011_ _ _ _011_ _00 1_ _011 _01 _0011 000 _ _0000111 001111111__ 00000000000 ...++ccbaa+ ba+ .+c +ab+. + +bc. .ac+ .ab .+abc+. c++.. bbccc+++... 000000000___ 0000_ _111 _ _0011_ _0 _0011 _001 1 001_ 001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 0111111___ 00000001111 cccbbaa+.. +. .+ba +ab+. +a .ac. . .ac. .ac .+abc+. c+.. bcc+++... 0_____ 00_ _11100 _0011_ _00 _0011 0011 _ _011 _001 _0011 000 _ _0000111 011111__ 00011111111 baa++.. .+cba. ab+. +ac .ab+ + +b+. .ac .+abc+. c+. cc++... ___11 _111000_ 00011_ _001 0011 0011_ _001_ 0011 _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111__ 11111111111 +.. .+ba+.. c+. +ac+ .+b+. .a .+b+ +ac .+abc+. ++. c++.. ..____11111111 _1111000_ 0111 _0011 011 0011_ 0011 _001_ _0011 000 _ _0001111 11111_ _ 11111111___ . .+cba..+a +. +ac+ +bc. .+b .ac. +bc .+abc+. +.. ++.. .....++++111111110000 110000_ _1 11_ 00011_ 11 0011_ _ _011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 1111__ __ 11111____ ..+cc .+cba+.+abc +ac+ +ac. +bc +bc. .+bc +abc+. +.. ... .++++aaaabb11100000000_ 000__ _111 1 _00111 1 0011_ _0 0011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __ 111__ ..+ccbaa cba+..+bc+. .+ac+ ac+ .ac+ .+b+. .ab+ .abc+. +. .. +aaabbbbccc0000000__ 0_ __11100 00011_ _0 0011_ _00 011_ _011_ 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111__ __0 1__ __ .++cbba++. a+..+ab+. .+bc. b+ .ab+ .ac+ .ab+ .abc+. +. . abbbccc+++.00___ __1 _1110000_ _00111 _00 0011_ _001 011 _0011 0011_ 000 _ _0001111 111_ __00 _ ___00 cbba++. ..+ab+. .ab+. . +. .+bc. +bc. .ab+ .+bc+. +. ccc+++.. _ __11111 1111000_ _ 0111_ _0001 0011_ _0011 11_ 0011_ _ _00111 _00 _ _0000111 11__ __00 __00000 a+.. abc+. +ac+. .a . +ac. ab+. +ac+ .+ab+. +. . +++.. 00__ _111 0111_ _000 00011_ _0 _0011 001 011_ _0011_ 11_ _00011 _ _000011 00111111__ 111111___ ..++ccbaa++. +cbaa+..+ab bc+. .a +. .ab+. .+bc. + .abc. .+abc .+aabcc+.. ++aaabbcc++ _ _111100 11_ _00011 _0011_ 000 _0011_ _001 011_ _0011_ 111_ _00011 _ _000011 0011111_ 1111__ _+cbbaa++. ba+..+aabc+ +. .+bc +ab+. +ac+ .+ .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. +aabbcc++.. __11110000_ _000111_ 0011_ _0011 0011_ _0011 011 _0011_ 111_ _00011 1_ _000011 011111_ 1__ __00baa++. ...+abc+. .+ab+. +ac+. .ab+. .a .abc+ .+abc .+abbc++. aabcc++.. 1110000_ _000111_ _ 11_ _0011_ 011_ _0011_ 11_ 00011_ 111_ _0011 1_ _000011 01111__ _ _ __00000++. +abcc+. .+abc. .+bc+ +bc. .+a .abc+. .+aab .+abbc+.. bbcc+.. 0000__ _00 00111_ 000 1 _00111 11_ _0011_ 11_ _00111_ 011_ _0001 1_ __00011 1111__ _0 __0000011. .+ bc+. .+abc. .abc. ac+ .ab .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. bc++.. 0__ _00001 11_ _00011 _00011_ 0 1_ _00111 11_ _00111 011_ _0001 1_ _00011 1111_ __0 _000011111 .++cb . .+a +abc. +ab+. + b+. .+ac .+bc+. . .+ab .+abcc+. c++. _0001111 _ _000111 00011_ _00 _ _00111 _ 1_ _0011_ 0111_ 0001 11_ _00011 111__ __00 000001111_ ..+cbba+ .++abc c+. +a bc+ .+a c. .abc .+ac+. . .+ab .+abcc+. ++. _0000111_ _000111_ _ 0111 _0001 _00111 _0 1_ _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _000 0001111_ .++cba++.. .+abc+. . +abc +. .+bc + .+ab+ .+abc. +. .+a .+abcc+. +. . 001111_ _0 00111_ _00 11 _00011_ _00111 _00 1 _00011_ 0111_ _000 11_ _00001 111_ _0000 01111_ _0.+ccba+...+a .+abc++. .+abc+. +abc+ . +abc+ .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. . .+ 111_ _0000 11_ _00011 _000111_ 0011_ _000 _ _00111_ 00111_ _000 111_ _0001 11_ _0001 111__ _000ccba+..+aabc abc+. .+abc+. .+ab+. .+ac+. .+abc+ +. .+a .+abcc+. ..+a 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0 011_ _0001 _ _000111_ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 11_ _00001 11_ _00001ba+..+abcc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc++. .++ab _ _0001111_ _000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _0001 1 _000111_ _00111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ __0001 1_ _000011 .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a _000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _000111_ 000111_ _0 0111_ _000 11_ _00011 _ _000111_ .+abc+. .+abc+ c+. .+ .+abc+. .+abc+. . .+ab abc+. .+abc+. .+abc_000111_ _00 111_ _0001 1_ _000111 _ _000111_ _000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _ _00011_ +abc+. .+abc+. . .+aa +abc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+. .+abc+00111_ _001 1_ _00111_ __000111_ _000111_ __000111_ 0000111_ _ 00111_ _00 111_ 00011 _00011_ bc+. . .+abc+. .+abcc bbc+. .+abc+. +. .+a +abc+. .+abc+ .+ab+. 011_ _00111 _000111_ 000111_ __ 000111_ _ 0000111__ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _000111 _ +. +ab abc+. .+abc+.. c+. . .++abc+. +. .+ .+bc+. .+bc+. .abc+. 11_ _00011_ 000111 _00 1111_ _000 0111_ _00 0001111_ _ 0000111_ _ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00111_ _0 .+abc+ +. .+a .++abc+. .. .+ .+abbc+. ++. .+ .+abc+. +abc+. .abc+. _ _00111 _ 111_ _0001 1_ _000011 11_ _0000 001111_ __ 0000111_ 000111_ _0 111_ _00011 _00011_ _00 .+abc+. .+abc abc++. .+a ..+abcc+. c+. .+ .+abc+. .+ab+. +abc+ _00011_ _00 1_ _00111_ _0001111_ _ _000011 11111_ _0 0000111__ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 _0011_ 000 +abc+. .+abc+.. c+. .++ab .+aabc++. c+. . .+abc+. .+ac+. .abc. ._00111 _001 000111_ 0001111_ _ _000001111 111__ _00 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 00111 _001 .+bc+. .+abc+. . .++ ..+abbc .++abbc+.. c+.. . .+bc+. .abc+ abc. .a0011_ _00111 000111_ 00 0111_ _00 000011111_ 11__ _000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00011 0011_ _0011 ac+. .+ abc+. ..+aab ..+aabcc+ ..+aabcc+. cc+. . .+ab+. +abc. bc+ +ab011_ _0011_ 0111 _0001 11_ _00001 001111__ __ __0000 00001111_ _000111_ _ 111_ _00111 011_ 00111 c. .+bc c+. .+ .+aabcc+ .++aabcc++. .++abbc++. bc+. .+abc. .+ac+. . c+ +ac+ 0011_ _001 _ _000111_ _ _000001 000011111__ 11111__ __ _0000111_ 000111_ _00 00011_ _0 _0011 000bc. .+ac+ .+abc+ c+.. ..+ .. .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. ac+. +ac 111 _00111 _000111_ __00001111 0011111__ 11111_ _0 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ 00 _0011 0011+. .abc. .+ab+. . ..+ .++aa ..+ .+aa .+abc+. .+ac+. bc. .ab+ 1_ _00111_ 00111_ _00 000011111_ 11111__ 1111__ __0 __000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _00 0011_ _011_. +ab+. .+ac+. .+abb .++aabbc ..++ .++a .+abc+. .+bc+ b+. .+bc. _0011_ _0 111_ _0001 011111_ 11__ __ 111__ __0 __0001111_ _00111_ _00 _0011 001 011_ _001_ +ac+ +ac+. .+aabc++ ..+aabbcc++ ..++aa .++a .+abc+ .+bc+ c. .ac+ _0011_ 000 _ _0000111 111__ __0 _ __000 11__ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 0011_ _001 01_ _0011 _ +bc. . b+. .+a ..+abcc+.. aabbcc++.. ...+++aab ..+a .+abc+. .abc. . +. .+b+. 0011_ _0011 _0001111_ __ __0000 __000000 ___ __00 _0000111_ _00111_ _00 _0011_ _001 11 _0011 _0 +bc. +a . .+abc abbc+.. bcc++.. ..+++aaabbb ..+a .+abc+. .ab+. . . +ac. 11_ _00111 000111__ _ __0000011 __000000001 _ ___00 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _0011 0011 1_ 0011 00 +bc. +bc .+abc+. cc+. ++.. +++aaabbbcc ..+a .+abc+. +ab+. + . .+b+ 1_ _0011_ _ 0111_ _00 _0000011111 00000001111 ___000 _0000111_ _00111 _00 _011_ _0011 _ _011_ 001+bc. .+b+. +abc+. .. . . aaabbbcccc+ ..+a .+abc+. +ac+ + +ac. 00111 00 11_ _00001 000111111__ 00011111111 ___0000 __000111_ _0011_ 000 0011_ _011_ _001_ _011ac. .ab+. .abc+. .++ bbbcccc++++ ..+a .+abc+. .+bc. .+ .+b+ _0011_ _001 _ _0000111 011111__ 111111111__ _____00000 __000111_ _0011_ _001 0011 0011 0011 _011_c. .ab+ +ac+. ..+aab ...+ ccc+++++... ..+a .+abc+. .abc. .a +ac. . 0011 00011 _0000111__ 111__ __ 1111____ _____0000000 __000111_ 00011_ _001 011_ _001_ _011_ 001_ . .ab+ b+. .+ .++abbcc ..+++aa ++....... ..+a .+abc+ +ab+. +a .+b+ + 011 001_ _0 000111_ _ __000011111 00011111111 _________ 000111111_ _00011_ _ 1_ _0011 _0 0011 _001_ ac. .+bc c+. . ccc++++.... abcc+. .+bc. . +. .+b+. c. +ac. 01_ 001_ _01 00111_ _00 000011111__ 1111111___ __000000000 001111111_ _00111_ _ _ 0011_ _0 001_ 0011 _ c. +ab+. . .+ .. ++.... abcc+. .ab+. . + .ac+ + .ac. 1_ 001_ _011 011_ _0001 0011111__ 1111__ 00000000000 001111111_ _00111 _ _ _0011 00 011 _001_ 0 . .+bc+ .++a ..++ . abcc+. .+ac+. + . +bc. . +b+ .

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